See recidivism on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱh₂d-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "récidivisme"
},
"expansion": "French récidivisme",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "recidīvus",
"4": "",
"5": "returning, recurring"
},
"expansion": "Latin recidīvus (“returning, recurring”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ism"
},
"expansion": "-ism",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French récidivisme, from Latin recidīvus (“returning, recurring”). Compare recidivous, -ism.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "recidivisms",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "recidivism (countable and uncountable, plural recidivisms)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "repeat offender",
"word": "recidivist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "three strikes and you're out"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "three-strikes law"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "zero tolerance"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The increase in criminal activity was attributed to recidivism.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2018 January 29, Sophie Kleber, “As AI Meets the Reputation Economy, We're All Being Silently Judged”, in Harvard Business Review, Brighton, M.A.: Harvard Business Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-05-28:",
"text": "Unintended mathwashing occurs when the algorithm is left unchecked, and, learning from historical data, amplifies social bias. The U.S. justice system uses an algorithm called COMPAS to determine a criminal's likelihood to re-offend. COMPAS has been proven by Pro Publica to predict that black defendants will have higher rates of recidivism than they actually do, while white defendants are predicted to have lower rates than they actually do.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Committing new offenses after a crime committed in the past."
],
"id": "en-recidivism-en-noun-am0W0KCP",
"links": [
[
"offense",
"offense"
],
[
"crime",
"crime"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕawd",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "عَوْد"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "recidiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reincidència"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lěifàn",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"word": "累犯"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "recidive"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "récidive"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "recidivizmi",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"word": "რეციდივიზმი"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rückfall"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "recidiva"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "recidività"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"alt": "さいはん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "saihan",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"word": "再犯"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jaebeom",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"word": "재범"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "recidív",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рециди́в"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "recidivízam",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рецидиви́зам"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aahuittym"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "recydywa"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reincidência"
},
{
"_dis1": "66 2 32",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reincidencia"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Psychiatry",
"orig": "en:Psychiatry",
"parents": [
"Medicine",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Sciences",
"Health",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Psychology",
"orig": "en:Psychology",
"parents": [
"Social sciences",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chronic repetition of criminal or other antisocial behavior."
],
"id": "en-recidivism-en-noun-0UTtuKXx",
"links": [
[
"psychology",
"psychology"
],
[
"psychiatry",
"psychiatry"
],
[
"Chronic",
"chronic#English"
],
[
"repetition",
"repetition"
],
[
"criminal",
"criminal"
],
[
"antisocial",
"antisocial"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(psychology, psychiatry) Chronic repetition of criminal or other antisocial behavior."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"medicine",
"psychiatry",
"psychology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 6 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 8 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ism",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 11 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 7 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 6 85",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 3 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 17 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 14 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 9 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 10 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 18 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 9 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 7 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "22 7 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 14 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 14 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 14 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Manx translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 15 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 17 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 6 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 13 61",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Criminology",
"orig": "en:Criminology",
"parents": [
"Crime",
"Sociology",
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"Law",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Justice",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 33 58",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "en:Human behaviour",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "alcohol(ic) recidivism",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Returning to a negative behavior after having stopped it for a period of time."
],
"id": "en-recidivism-en-noun-l0K6vZ~X",
"links": [
[
"behavior",
"behavior"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) Returning to a negative behavior after having stopped it for a period of time."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rɪˈsɪdɪvɪzm̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹəˈsɪdəvəzm̩/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"enpr": "r(ĭ)-sĭ'-dĭ-vĭ-zm̩"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-recidivism.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-recidivism.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-recidivism.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-recidivism.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-recidivism.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "recidivism"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱh₂d-",
"English terms suffixed with -ism",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English undefined derivations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Manx translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:Criminology",
"en:Human behaviour"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱh₂d-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "récidivisme"
},
"expansion": "French récidivisme",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "recidīvus",
"4": "",
"5": "returning, recurring"
},
"expansion": "Latin recidīvus (“returning, recurring”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-ism"
},
"expansion": "-ism",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French récidivisme, from Latin recidīvus (“returning, recurring”). Compare recidivous, -ism.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "recidivisms",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "recidivism (countable and uncountable, plural recidivisms)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "repeat offender",
"word": "recidivist"
},
{
"word": "three strikes and you're out"
},
{
"word": "three-strikes law"
},
{
"word": "zero tolerance"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The increase in criminal activity was attributed to recidivism.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "2018 January 29, Sophie Kleber, “As AI Meets the Reputation Economy, We're All Being Silently Judged”, in Harvard Business Review, Brighton, M.A.: Harvard Business Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-05-28:",
"text": "Unintended mathwashing occurs when the algorithm is left unchecked, and, learning from historical data, amplifies social bias. The U.S. justice system uses an algorithm called COMPAS to determine a criminal's likelihood to re-offend. COMPAS has been proven by Pro Publica to predict that black defendants will have higher rates of recidivism than they actually do, while white defendants are predicted to have lower rates than they actually do.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Committing new offenses after a crime committed in the past."
],
"links": [
[
"offense",
"offense"
],
[
"crime",
"crime"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Psychiatry",
"en:Psychology"
],
"glosses": [
"Chronic repetition of criminal or other antisocial behavior."
],
"links": [
[
"psychology",
"psychology"
],
[
"psychiatry",
"psychiatry"
],
[
"Chronic",
"chronic#English"
],
[
"repetition",
"repetition"
],
[
"criminal",
"criminal"
],
[
"antisocial",
"antisocial"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(psychology, psychiatry) Chronic repetition of criminal or other antisocial behavior."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"medicine",
"psychiatry",
"psychology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "alcohol(ic) recidivism",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Returning to a negative behavior after having stopped it for a period of time."
],
"links": [
[
"behavior",
"behavior"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension) Returning to a negative behavior after having stopped it for a period of time."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/rɪˈsɪdɪvɪzm̩/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɹəˈsɪdəvəzm̩/",
"tags": [
"UK",
"US"
]
},
{
"enpr": "r(ĭ)-sĭ'-dĭ-vĭ-zm̩"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-recidivism.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-recidivism.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-recidivism.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-recidivism.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-recidivism.wav.ogg"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ʕawd",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "عَوْد"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "recidiva"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reincidència"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "lěifàn",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"word": "累犯"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "recidive"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "récidive"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "recidivizmi",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"word": "რეციდივიზმი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Rückfall"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "recidiva"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "recidività"
},
{
"alt": "さいはん",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "saihan",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"word": "再犯"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jaebeom",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"word": "재범"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "recidív",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рециди́в"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "recidivízam",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "рецидиви́зам"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aahuittym"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "recydywa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reincidência"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "committing new offenses after being punished for a crime",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "reincidencia"
}
],
"word": "recidivism"
}
Download raw JSONL data for recidivism meaning in All languages combined (7.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.